Database Administrator Z/Os free essay sample

Sanders DB2 10 Exam 610 Practice Questions by Robert Wingate For accreditation test: DB2 9 DBA for z/OS (000-732) DB2 9 for z/OS Database Administration: Certification Study Guide by Susan Lawson and Daniel Luksetich DB2 10 DBA for z/OS (000-612) DB2 10 for z/OS Database Administration: Certification Study Guide by Susan Lawson and Daniel Luksetich For confirmation test: DB2 9 System Administrator for z/OS (000-737) DB2 9 System Administration for z/OS: Certification Study Guide: Exam 737 by Judy Nall DB2 10 System Administrator for z/OS (000-617) DB2 10 System Administration for z/OS: Certification Study Guide: Exam 617 by Judy Nall (due out in May of 2013) 2)Then there is the accompanying free instructional exercise: For accreditation test: DB2 9 Fundamentals (000-730) DB2 9 Fundamentals confirmation 730 prep arrangement at http://www. ibm. com/developerworks/offers/lp/db2cert/db2-cert730. html For affirmation test: DB2 10 Fundamentals (000-610) DB2 10 Fundamentals accreditation 610 prep arrangement at http://www. bm. com/developerworks/information/instructional exercises/db2-cert6101/record. html 3)$30 IBM practice tests: For affirmation test: DB2 9

Woodside Petroleum 2005 Company Analysis

Woodside Petroleum 2005 Company Analysis Free Online Research Papers Woodside announced a net benefit after duty of $1,107.4 million for 2005 which is 3.4% lower than 2004 of $1,146 million. Nonetheless, 2005’s fundamental net benefit after expense expanded by 54.5%. This is on the grounds that a huge thing totalling $474.6 million announced in 2004 was from auctioning off the Enfield oil venture (Phaceas 2006). Normal oil cost has expanded 36.8% in 2005 contrasted and 2004 contributes a $552.6 million to income from offer of merchandise and higher deals volumes raised another A$98.4 million driven by solid Liquefied Natural Gas deals. This relates with Howarth (2006), â€Å"Woodside’s normal raw petroleum cost in 2005 was $72.88, up from $54.19 the year before†. Be that as it may, these positive sums are incompletely balanced by the misfortune from energy about AUD against USD, expanded expense of deals and all out investigation and assessment cost. As oil creation costs expanded from $4.27 a barrel to $6.78 a barrel (Howarth 2006). All these lead to diminish in ROE (net benefit inferable from the individuals from Woodside Petroleum Ltd/Total Equity) from 41.4% in 2004 to 31.6% in 2005. In the event that altering for critical things, it really increments from 29.3% to 30.2%. Liquidity Current proportion (Current Assets/Current Liabilities) has dropped significantly during 2005 from 2.6 to 0.785. It is to a great extent a direct result of the money outpouring adding up to $564.2 million which was for the most part for obtaining Houston-based Griffin Exploration Company. As indicated by Howarth, â€Å"Woodside plans to build its investigation spending 40 percent to $500 million out of 2006 subsequent to burning through $346.2 million out of 2005 and just $239 million of every 2004 (2006)†. In spite of the fact that thought of ‘ideal’ current proportion varies across enterprises, a higher proportion is regularly wanted to a lower one as liquidity is of essential significance to the endurance of a business (Atrill, 2000). In the mean time, payable expanded $289.4 million because of the acquisition of long-lead things for the Group’s investigation and improvement exercises and the securing of Griffin payable. Notwithstanding, reality behind the drop in liquidity is riches creation for future development. For instance, the obtaining of Griffin in September 2005 gave prompt creation and access to a considerable arrangement of investigation rents and prospects in the Gulf of Mexico. Disturbance to oil and gas activity brought about by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita 2005 was concealed to 88% of pre-tropical storm level by the Griffin portfolio. The Kipper gas field in Bass Strait will cost $200 million which expected to yield $3 billion of gas and flammable gas, with Woodside possessed 21 percent it. Equipping There was no new offer given during 2004 and 2005, and Woodside depended more on acquiring. Long haul obligations stay at the comparably level around 1000 million because of its industry trademark. However, the net outfitting (Net Debt*/Equity) in 2005 has significantly increased in size contrast and 2004 in light of the fact that Woodside has expanded their acquiring to meet the money need. The $729 million picked up in value contributed just a little bit to the equipping. Woodside plans to burn through $10 billion being developed of new tasks throughout the following five years, and three significant ventures will begin creation this year (Howarth 2006). * Net debt=short term obligation + long haul obligation money Effect of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) From 1 January 2005, budget summaries arranged by Woodside are as per Australian counterparts to International Financial Reporting Standards (AIFRS) rather than Australian Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (AGAAP). The selection of AIFRS has sway the accompanying zones: (a) Petroleum Resource Rent Tax (PRRT) Under AGAAP, PRRT was dealt with utilizing collection bookkeeping premise. Under AIFRS, Australia Accounting Standards Board (AASB) 112 stretches out the duty impact bookkeeping to include all duties on salary. Available brief contrasts emerge in light of the fact that conceded PRRT risk or resource is perceived for the distinctions that have collected between PRRT charge base and the bookkeeping base. (b) Employee Share Plan AASB 2 require treatment of representative offer arrangement as offer based remuneration, the chief measure of the intrigue free, restricted response credits to obtain shares are renamed from receivables to a different class of shareholders’ value. Profit paid on shares gave are held to reimburse the credits, are balanced against that different class of shareholders’ value. (c) Leases Decide if any help contracts contain leases. All leases ought to be accounted as per AASB 117. Woodside has recognized a money rent which should be accounted for on the monetary record, lead capitalisation of rented resources into oil and gas properties and the rent risk recorded as enthusiasm bearing advances and borrowings. Subsequently, the held winning will mirrors the supplanting of rent installments cost with intrigue and deterioration charges. (d) Functional and Presentation Currency AASB 121 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, the Group’s utilitarian cash is Australian dollars and US dollars. Resources and liabilities of auxiliaries with an outside cash are converted into Australian dollars at each period’s shutting date and any trade developments are recorded through a Foreign Currency Translation Reserve (FCTR). (e) Borrowing Costs Acquiring costs on qualifying resources are to be underwrite, this bar those benefits with an estimation of under $50 million, all costs identifying with investigation and assessment, and the outside trade contrasts. (f) Provision for Restoration Under AIFRS, the current estimation of rebuilding commitments to be perceived as a non-current risk and to promoted future reclamation costs. The promoted cost is amortized over the life of the venture and the arrangement is accumulated occasionally as the limiting of the obligation loosens up. The loosening up of the markdown is recorded as a fund cost, which prompts decrease in rebuilding arrangements. (g) Investments Interests in value protections were held at cost under AGAAP. AASB 139 arranged interest in value as either held for exchanging (unrealised additions or misfortunes detailed in the pay articulation) or ready to move (unrealised increases or misfortunes revealed in value) and conveyed at reasonable worth. The contrast between the reasonable estimation of ventures and chronicled cost prompts increment in other monetary resources and held income. (h) Income Tax Under AGAAP, personal duty cost was determined by reference to the bookkeeping benefit in the wake of taking into account changeless contrasts. Under AIFRS, impermanent distinction emerges because of contrast between the conveying estimation of an advantage or risk and its expense base. (i) Defined Benefit Superannuation Fund Under AGAAP, aggregate actuarial additions and misfortunes on the characterized advantage segment were not perceived on the asset report. Under AIFRS, arrangement for worker benefits is perceived as an advantage and is estimated as the distinction between the current estimation of the employees’ gathered advantages and the net market estimation of the superannuation fund’s resources at that date. The effect would be increment in different resources for the overflow superannuation support resources and to record the related addition in the salary articulation. (j) Embedded Derivatives AASB 139 requires the recognizable proof, acknowledgment and estimation of subordinates inserted inside agreements that an organization may enter. (k) Financial Instruments AASB 132 and 139 require every single money related instrument to be at first perceived at reasonable worth. In this way, developments in money related instruments are recorded in the salary articulation. (l) Hedge of Net Investments Under AGAAP, US dollar getting were treated as a support of US dollar deals incomes. Be that as it may, US dollar getting doesn't meet the support bookkeeping necessities under AIFRS. (m) Sale of Assets Under AIFRS the net increase or deficit on special of each class of benefit is named other pay or different costs in the salary articulation. Under past AGAAP, continues at a bargain were named other salary and the recorded estimation of benefits arranged were uncovered as different costs. (Woodside Concise Annual Report 2005) Reference Woodside signs $2b LNG bargain, The West Australian, 2 May 2006 Atrill, Peter 2000, Accounting: a presentation, Prentice Hall, NSW Ball, Y eager for risk Woodside searches seaward for development, Australian Financial Review, 16 January 2006. Ball, Y Woodside slips as junta questions creation contract, Australian Financial Review, 4 February 2006. Chime, S Woodside Petroleum Heats Up Demand for Natural Gas Fuels Jump in Australian Firms Shares, The Wall Street Journal, 3 January 2006, Dow Jones Newswires. Vitality, N. W Woodside in Kansai gas bargain, The Australian, 23 March 2006. Findlay, T Resource stocks cool off, Australian Financial Review, 6 January 2006. Fitgerald, B Woodside shoots to magnificence as it capitalizes on oil blast, The Age, 12 April 2006. Assets EDITOR Howarth, I Woodside to continue siphoning out benefits, Australian Financial Review, 16 February 2006. aspectfinancial.com.au, 5 May 2006. woodside.com.au/Investors/Annual+Reports/2005+Annual+Report.htm, 5 May 2006. Keenan, R Japanese dependability a major lift for Woodside, The Courier-Mail, 9 March 2006. Palepu, K.G., Healy, P.M and Bernard V.L. 2004, Business Analysis Valuation Using Financial Statements, third edn, Thomson, Mason. Phaceas, J Woodside banners Sunrise beginning as benefit tops $1 b, The West Australian, 16 February 2006 Sprague, J.A Investors cheer as offer costs take off to record on back of gold, The West Australian, 10 January 2006. Exploration Papers on Woodside Petroleum 2005 Company AnalysisDefinition of Export QuotasThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductTwilight of the UAWInfluences of Socio

Create and sell an accessory collection (starting a small business) Essay

The principle reason I’ve picked this point is on the grounds that as you will likewise peruse in the presentation, making frill is something I truly like doing; It is the first occasion when I can achieve a school task that has been given to me, accomplishing something that I appreciate. It is simply great! It won't just assistance me with my school life, however it could likewise be the beginnings of a promising future. The point of my undertaking, corresponding to the reality of making embellishments and selling them is to check whether assurance and aptitudes are sufficient to begin my very own business. I don't trust it is hard to plan and sell the new assortment. What I need to see is the manner by which I will fund the entire procedure. Be that as it may, I am extremely excited about it and I will truly make a decent attempt to place every one of my thoughts without hesitation. Since we needed to do a task to pass the middle age program I attempted to do an undertaking that no one else has ever done and something I truly preferred to do, so the best thing I could believe was this subject I’ve picked, I love doing adornments, it is exceptionally unique, and I get a benefit from it. Consistently I work a tad on this venture since October of 2002 when they educated us concerning it. I’ve been planning, making, advancing, and selling my manifestations. Yet, so as to do it right, I record highlights of each and every thing I do as respects this activity. The amount I sell, I purchase, I plan, and so on. I have isolated my undertaking into captions to sort out the data in the manner it will be simpler for the peruser to comprehend the entire procedure. The territories of association identified with my task is: Ways to deal with learning, I needed to accomplish methodological work, my feeling of exertion, having the option to turn in a task that hasn’t got any error, request of the undertaking, correspondence and articulation of encounters and looking for data and summing up it. Homo Faber, I began an undertaking of an independent venture and crated a task that is generally new, developing structures, and incorporating reasons for Homo Faber. Condition, adornments are truly engaged with design and I take the plans from my environmental factors, what is popular, styles, and so forth. Social Education, to show individuals that adolescents can begin their own little business and to urge youngsters to create what the truly like since they are little in light of the fact that perhaps when they grow up they can at present do what they did when they were youthful and to build up their thoughts and creative mind. As I would like to think Homo Faber is the transcendent region of association since I am beginning a business with its advantages and disadvantages, likewise I am working with my creative mind and time so as to achieve my target. At the point when they revealed to me that I needed to compose an individual task in Level 4, I needed to accomplish something else, something that no one else had ever done previously, and it must be close to home, something that I truly like doing and what I truly like is to plan extras At the point when I was just eleven (11) years of age, my mom brought home some large dots and some versatile. I began playing with them and I made my first wristband. I understood it was engaging and I favored investing my energy making frill as opposed to staring at the TV. My grandma gave me some more cash and I purchased my first working material, from that point forward I have gone through days and evenings making frill. My folks griped in light of the fact that they said that since I gave all my time and vitality to this, I didn't contemplate. Be that as it may, presently I have my chance to do the two things. Do what I truly like doing that is beaded embellishments, and furthermore go along it with my homework. This is extremely extraordinary! The thought isn't just to plan my own adornments yet additionally to check whether a pre-adult can deal with and deal with a little organization. This obviously implied a great deal of work, since I need to structure the adornment, at that point advance it and sell it and so on. In October 2002 Miss Pat O’Malley disclosed to us that we needed to picked a coach for our activities, she said mentors could just have 4 or 5 understudies, I pick Miss Claudia Zacarian yet she previously had her 5 understudies, however in the wake of conversing with Pat O’Malley they permitted me to be with her. We began working and giving a smidgen of shape to the task, I plan the entire article with her. At March 2003 for my shock, I got the news that Miss Claudia was not working at school any more. I felt baffled on account of all the work we have been doing we came to confide in ourselves and became acquainted with us better. I needed to picked another person, yet it was very troublesome in light of the fact that a large portion of the encourages I Level 5 were new and I needed to pick a guide who preferred what I was doing and that could assist me with my undertaking since she is intrigued and not on the grounds that is a school task, so I asked Gabriela Flaiban the level 5 organizer to be my new mentor, I asked her since I realized she loved extras. I continued working with her and she indicated me a few undertakings to arrange myself better and what was that I needed to remember for the various segments and to give me a guide on what to do as respects my composed work, likewise she proposed numerous things (I will clarify later) which were extremely helpful to me. It was hard for me to compose my work. I told my coach and she prompted me to go gradually. I needed to sell the embellishments I needed to consider the hues, shapes, sizes, and so forth. My coach advised me to begin doing overviews and wind up doing the plan that was the most casted a ballot arranged by not loosing time or cash. Be that as it may, I needed to have any kind of effect between individuals of 12-20, 25-40, and over 40 years of age. The principal thing I needed to do was to plan the adornments, I drew on a paper various structures and I demonstrated them to various individuals with various ages and assess their supposition and on the off chance that they will succeed or not. The outcomes are connected at the additions pages†¦. I went out on the town to shop, visited better places and read heaps of magazines, and continue doing it very request of having buyable. I could get to the end that on the initial segment of my venture, spring-summer assortment I ventured against a sentimental, and hipster style with loads of hues. Be that as it may, on the opposite side the harvest time fall assortment is loaded with yellow, red, orange and earthy colored. What's more, them two had splendid hues, for example, pink turquoise, blue and green in the entirety of their assortments. By doing overviews and counseling individuals I can get the chance to do things that individuals can get related to, and therefore they will get it, this is a strategy that numerous undertakings use so as to assess how much will the selling be to deliver a measure of items that is sufficient to the measure of interest it has. The primary thing I did in the wake of meeting with Gaby Flaiban (coach) was the overview. The review was sorted out in the accompanying manner. It was rehashed a few times with various adornments. There were 10 (ten) frill and I demonstrated them to various individuals of various ages, they needed to take care of them from most noticeably terrible to best. In that manner I could see which were the three embellishments individuals various ages preferred the most. In the wake of picking the last structures, to begin organizations, I should have a spending plan; even intense it is a little one. Five years back I approached my mom and Grandmother for cash, they gave me $100 (mother $75 and fabulous mother $25). So I went to purchase all my working material, and began working. Time made me flawlessness my style, and tidiness at the same time, regardless of how great the beaded specialties were I was frightened that I will stay away for the indefinite future my credit, it is basic that when you start a business you can be terrified or accept that it won’t be acceptable. So I needed to buckle down. Presently, five years after, I additionally requested a credit, this time somewhat greater than the primary reversal, I had my investment funds, I utilized $100, and approached my mom for another $100, my grandma didn’t keep behind and got me globules, and fleece. After I do a frill I quickly cost it, the things I consider are: the expense of materials, hand work, and what number of models I do of it (clearly on the off chance that I do 10 of them and if there is a major proposal of them I will value it less so as to sell it). Cost is significant in such a case that I sell the last item in less cash that the one I contributed, I’ll be loosing cash, however I should have a thought of the amount I’ve spend on doing it in light of the fact that the cost must be sensible. Hand work is additionally significant in this branch there are incorporated a few things, time I have spent on doing it, work I needed to do and advancement of the item. Offer and Demand are extremely significant. On the off chance that I accomplish something extremely restrictive, I will cost more that on the off chance that I do a dragonfly that are seen all over the place. What's more, if there are bunches of interest of something the cost will be higher (this is the ABC, of economy) Advancing is as significant as doing it, provided that I do and don’t sell is equivalent to if didn’t do anything. As respects the estrategical see where to sell is an extremely serious deal, particularly these days. Promulgation is critical. I could state fundamental for this activity. I ordinarily give a specific measure of assistants to individuals that are near me, similar to companions or family members so at whatever point they go to gatherings or spots where there are bunches of individuals they can advance my assortment, and that makes generally excellent outcomes on the grounds that occasionally I get a call requesting that I do a significant solicitation of embellishments or possibly individuals ask who was the one that did the adornment and when they get the opportunity to see me they are as yet wishing to get it, similar to the one they seen or perhaps another they preferred best. I additionally made a page; you can discover it at www. . com. In this website page which I uncommonly made I will show each structure I made and the last selling cost, so if individuals like any embellishment they can get in touch with me by sending me an email or considering me and purchase any piece that has grabbed their eye. Pages are an extremely fascinating method of pulling in individuals on the grounds that as Internet is utilized and considers a ton the consideration, predominantly due to the movement and hues. A very impo

Necessity be the mother of invention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Need be the mother of innovation - Essay Example Likewise any decrease in the gross residential creation for in excess of two progressive quarters is alluded to as downturn. At the point when downturn falls on a general public, it is pertinent on the makers, buyers, business associations, industrialists, in short the entire society. In the midst of downturn, the general public influenced, should point on creating advancing and reasonable strategies to give methods for decrease in the downturn as opposed to lessening number of organizations, terminating workers, decrease in utilization of advances created from previously. Development can assume its job in the general public by pushing downturn in reverse, and if that is absurd than it can at any rate prevent downturn from developing and cutting the economy further down. This can be accomplished by long haul methodologies and open interests in various fields particularly development divisions to give better innovations with the goal that downturn doesn't overwhelm the general public and the financial requests of the individuals of that society. Downturn prompting advancement and thriving As downturn advances, a lessening in the exchanging and mechanical exercises is seen. This is a negative react by the business associations and industrialists. ... At the point when these business associations decline their work out put, they have less outstanding burden which is the reason they fire their representatives; expanding the pace of joblessness and causing the general public to feel that genuine downturn has drawn nearer. This is a negative reaction to downturn by the business associations which drives the economy towards a destruction. A progressively positive methodology is increment remaining task at hand by expanding work out put with the assistance of more representatives. Along these lines the representatives won't feel the weight of downturn and they will work with commitment for their organization or firm. These are a portion of the principle reasons of movement of downturn. One significant reason is swelling. It is alluded to as an ascent in the cost of merchandise and enterprises. At the point when downturn happens, the clients spend less and set aside more cash on merchandise particularly with their swelled costs. Along t hese lines, less measures of products can be bought, lessening deals. Expansion can be brought about by various figures, for example, increment the creation costs, expanded vitality expenses and national obligation. At the point when an organization faces extreme outcomes of downturn, it will in general decline the quality by cutting creation costs consequently cost of the item is brought down. The difference in nature of items ignores the prerequisites and requirements of the client. Rather than settling on nature of item, the associations alongside their specialists should chip away at reprocessing the techniques for making the items and by facing the challenge of presenting new items. Enhancing new items will procure the association certainty of the client, and when the time of downturn closes, the clients will keep on admiring that association that dealt with their requirements in the midst of emergency. Along these lines the organization which permits developments will run

Enantioselective Disposition of MDMA and its Metabolites

Enantioselective Disposition of MDMA and its Metabolites Presentation Amphetamine-type energizers (ATS) are a gathering of medications, generally manufactured in birthplace, that are basically gotten from ÃŽ ²-phenethylamine (Figure 1). Amphetamine (AMP, Speed) was at first combined in Berlin in 1887 as 1-methyl-2-phenethylamine. It was the first of a few synthetic substances, including methamphetamine (MET, Ice) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy), which have comparable structures and organic properties, and are alluded to on the whole as amphetamines (Cody, 2005). Since 1887, amphetamine was believed to be a human innovation (Berman et al., 2009), however the compound was found in 1997, alongside methamphetamine, nicotine and mescaline, inside two types of Texas acacia shrubberies (Clement, Goff and Forbes, 1998). AMP and MET are most generally manhandled drugs. They have topsy-turvy focus and exists as one of the two potential enantiomers (see Figure 2) (Cody, 2005). In endeavor to keep up anorexic movement while restricting unwanted symptoms, replacements have been made to amphetamine and methamphetamine. Others have been made to improve the stimulatory movement or to stay away from legitimate limitations on the production and utilization of the medications (Cody, 2005). The related gatherings of amphetamine subordinates are appeared in Figures 3 and 4. Figure 5 shows another gathering of antecedent medications that is processed by the body into AMP and MET. Organization and neurotoxicity of amphetamines Amphetamines are for the most part controlled as oral containers. This course brings about a slow increment in medicate focus, which tops in around an hour and keeps up compelling medication levels for 8 †12 hours. Amphetamines can likewise be infused into the dissemination (Parrott et al., 2004). Amphetamines promptly cross the blood-cerebrum obstruction to arrive at the destinations (Berman et al., 2009) of activity in the mind. The intense organization of amphetamines produce a wide scope of portion subordinate conduct changes, including expanded excitement or attentiveness, anorexia, hyperactivity, perseverative developments, and, specifically, a condition of pleasurable effect, happiness, and elation, which can prompt the maltreatment of the medication (Berman, 2009). This makes amphetamines be related with demonstrations of brutality. Intense medication abusers will create resilience, where a similar portion of medication has decreasing physiological and mental impacts. Th ey have to build their dose in the event that they wish to produce a similar quality of impact. Cross-resilience will likewise happen as resistance to one medication influences another medication with comparative neurochemical profile. Therefore, sedate abusers will look for another class of medication and become polydrug clients (Parrott et al., 2004). Interminable medication abusers ordinarily take in amphetamines through infusion or smoking ice amphetamines. These abusers endure numerous medical issues and a decreased future. They are progressively powerless to HIV (human immunodeficiency infection), AIDS (procured resistance insufficiency disorder) and SIDS (unexpected newborn child demise condition) (Parrott at al., 2004). Clinical employments As per the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971, amphetamines are enrolled as opiate mixes in the List of psychotropic substances under universal control. The rundown is set up by the International Narcotics Control Board. These mixes are denied to be imported and sent out in nations like Japan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Thailand and so on (International Narcotics Control Board, 2003). Amphetamines and related mixes are clinically utilized for narcolepsy (unexpected day-time beginning rest) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in little youngsters. It was once in the past utilized as a present moment thinning operator, as an upper and to help athletic execution (Parrott et al., 2004). 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE (MDMA, ECSTASY) History of MDMA misuse MDMA, otherwise called joy, ETC, or Adam, is one of the most normally mishandled amphetamine subsidiaries that was re-incorporated by Alexander Shulgin during his examination profession at the Dow Chemical Company in 1970s. Before long MDMA was being integrated in unlawful labs, and got mainstream as recreational medication from that point forward. As MDMA doesn't have any clinical/clinical use, it is planned as Class I unlawful medication by the American Drug Enforcement Agency in 1985 (Parrott et al., 2005). Likewise, MDMA other ring-subbed phenylethylamines were conventionally characterized under the Misuse of Drugs Act as Class A medications, in United Kingdom (Wikipedia, 2009). Concoction Properties of MDMA The methylenedioxy analogs of amphetamine (see Figure 3) are arrangement of mixes alluded to architect drugs. They incorporate methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) and MDMA (Hensley and Cody, 1999). The amalgamation of N-alkyl-MDA subordinates just delivers ( ±) racemic blends. As an outcomes, just racemic types of (cases, free powder or tablets) the mixes are sold in the unlawful market and manhandled (Matsushima, Nagai and Kamiyama, 1998; Fallon et al., 1999). MDMA is chiral, having two enantiomers, S-(+)- MDMA and R-(- )- MDMA (see Figure 6), with S-(+)- MDMA is more intense than R-(- )- MDMA (Lyon, Glannon and Titeller, 1986; Shulgin 1986). The essential structure of MDMA is ?- phenylisopropylamine gathering (see Figure 6), with a methylenedioxy bunch shaping a 5-membered ring including C-3 and C-4 of the benzene ring (Cho and Segal, 1994). The experimental recipe of MDMA is C11H15NO2 (Shulgin, 1986). MDMA is a phenylisopopylamine gotten from safrole, fragrant oil found in sassafras, nutmeg, and different plants. The methyl bunch on ÃŽ ±-carbon (R2) (see Figure 6) of MDMA presents protection from oxidative deamination of this compound and, hence, expanded its metabolic half-life (Cho and Segal, 1994). As per Cone and his associate Huestis (2009), S(+) isomer of MDMA is liable for its psychostimulant and empathic impacts and the R(- ) isomer for its stimulating properties. Take-up, retention, digestion and disposal of MDMA in human body MDMA is generally planned in tablets of its racemate (1:1 blend of its enantiomers) in portions running from 50 to 200 mg (Pizarro et al., 2004), which is most regularly sold in clusters of 3â€5 for ?10 (Wikipedia, 2009). MDMA powder is additionally found in the market at a more significant expense, demonstrating that it has higher virtue. MDMA powder isn't normally insufflated (grunted) as it causes sniffling, agony and nosebleeds. MDMA can't be smoked and is once in a while infused intravenously (AMCD, 2008). MDMA is consumed into the circulation systems and appropriated in body. Posthumous investigation by Letter et al. (2002) shows that MDMA is disseminated in heart muscle, the two lungs, liver, the two kidneys, spleen, the four mind flaps, cerebellum and brainstem, fat tissue, serum, vitreous amusingness, pee, hair and bile upon organization. Fast appropriation of MDMA in body is for the most part because of its essential property of pKa around 9.9 and low plasma protein official, MDMA can diffuse across organic grids that is more acidic than blood (Pichini, 2005). After an oral organization of MDMA, the plasma focus tops in inside 1.5 to 2 hours (Cone and Huestis, 2009). MDMA is processed by different pathways (see Figure 7), essentially including N-demethylation and O-demethylenation. The compounds associated with the pathway are a gathering of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes, including CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2B6. Right off the bat, MDMA is O-demethylenated to 3,4-dihydroxymethamphetamine (HHMA) trailed by O-methylation to 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA). The compounds associated with the metabolic procedure are CYP2D6 and catechol-methyltransferase separately. At a lower rate, MDMA is N-demethylated to 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) (a response controlled by CYP2B6), which is additionally processed to the catechol transitional (3,4-dihydroxyamphetamine) lastly O-methylated to 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA). In the responses, the ÃŽ ±-carbon liable for stereochemical properties of MDMA isn't influenced and all the metabolites are chiral aggravates that might be introduced as a blend of their enantiomers. Notwithstanding these significant exacerbates, some other minor metabolites got from the action of monoamine oxidase on the amine buildup are likewise framed (Kolbrich et al., 2008; Pizarro et al., 2004). N-demethylation of MDMA yields 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), a functioning metabolite displaying comparable pharmacological properties as the parent tranquilize. A further O-demethylenation of MDA produces 3,4-dihydroxyamphetamine (HHA) which is mostly controlled by CYP2D6. Extra metabolites are shaped by O-methylation of HHMA to 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA) and of HHA to 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyamphetamine (HMA), deamination, and conjugation (Cone and Huestis, 2009). The metabolic pathway for the most part occurs in the liver. A few people with decreased CYP2D6 shows lower metabolic pace of MDMA and in this manner are increasingly defenseless to MDMA harmfulness (ODonohoe et al., 1998; Schwab et al., 1999). Physiological and mental impacts of MDMA Berman et al. (2009), Hensley and Cody (1999) and Piper (2008) detailed an expanded sharpness and elation, expanded pulse, circulatory strain, breath and internal heat endless supply of MDMA. Joined Nation Office on Drugs and Crime (2006) passes on that ceaseless amphetamines misuse causes disturbance, tremors, hypertension, memory misfortune, fantasies, insane scenes, suspicious daydreams, and rough conduct. Withdrawal from high dosages of amphetamine-type energizers (ATS) could bring about extreme sorrow. MDMA debilitates the temperature control by nerve center. This makes MDMA clients bite the dust of hyperthermia (Piper, 2008) and some kick the bucket from hyponatraemia, for example the weakening of blood because of extreme liquids taken to neutralize heat depletion (Parrott et al., 2004). Neurotoxicity of MDMA Nichols (1986) and Vollenweider et al. (1998) order MDMA as entactogens, a s

Overview of Habit Reversal Training

Overview of Habit Reversal Training OCD Treatment Print Using Habit Reversal Training to Reduce Physical and Verbal Tics By Owen Kelly, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 10, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 24, 2020 kristian sekulic / Getty Images More in OCD Treatment Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Types Living With OCD Related Conditions Habit reversal training is a therapy that can be effective in treating troublesome behaviors caused by a number of conditions. One of these is Tourettes syndrome, which is characterized by physical or verbal tics, such as blinking, throat clearing, repeating obscenities. People dealing with symptoms of impulse control disorders, such as trichotillomania (hair-pulling) and pathological skin picking,  also may benefit from habit reversal training,  which is composed of these four main elements.?? What Is Awareness Training? Awareness training is used to bring greater attention to tics and other behaviors so that the affected person can gain better self-control.?? Awareness training is usually carried out in a number of smaller steps: While watching himself in a mirror, the  person describes in detail each time he carries out behavior thats associated with his conditionâ€"pulling his hair, for instance, or rubbing his eyes.The therapist will point out to the person whenever he carries out the tic or impulse repeatedly until the person is able to notice the behavior for himself.The person learns to identify the earliest warning that a tic or impulsive behavior is about to take place. These warning signs can be urges, sensations, or thoughts.The person identifies all the situations during which the tic or impulsive behavior occurs. Development of a Competing Response Once the patient has developed a good awareness of his tic or impulsive behavior the next step is to develop a competing responseâ€"an action meant to replace the old tic or impulsive behavior.?? Usually, the competing response is opposite that of the tic or impulsive behavior and is something that can be carried out for longer than just a couple of minutes. For example, a competing response to hair-pulling might be to ball the hands into a fist and hold them rigidly alongside the body. Someone who repeatedly sticks out his tongue might purse his lips instead. Another goal of a competing response is that it is an action other people arent likely to notice. Building Motivation To prevent tics and impulsive behaviors from coming back, people undergoing habit reversal training are encouraged to make a list of problems caused by their behavior. Parents and friends are also asked to praise the person for their accomplishments thus far.?? In addition, it can often be helpful for people to demonstrate their ability to suppress tics or impulsive behaviors to others. Generalization of New Skills In this phase of treatment, people are encouraged to practice their new skills in a variety of different contexts, not just those that they have mastered to date.?? Learning to turn off a tic in the relative safety of the doctors office is one thing. More challenging is reaching a point at which it becomes easy to control impulsive behaviors where it really countsâ€"in the real world:  at home, work, school, and in other public places.

Finding Free Online College Courses

Finding Free Online College Courses About Online Learning Online learning is a convenient way to explore areas of personal interest, develop your professional skills, or prepare for a new career. Without leaving your home or spending a dime, you can learn about almost any topic imaginable. Related Articles Free Online Computer Courses Free Online Computer Courses Simply Accounting Courses Online Simply Accounting Courses Online Where to Find Free Distance Learning Theology Degrees Where to Find Free Distance Learning Theology Degrees Although online learning offers many advantages, it's worth pointing out that this form of education does require a great deal of self-discipline. You'll be expected to read the course materials and listen to lectures with little or no supervision. If you're the type of person who thrives on social interaction and personal attention, learning new skills from free college courses online may prove rather difficult. The format of online courses varies. The most primitive offerings usually consist of a series of Web pages or downloadable PDF tutorials. However, an increasing number of universities are incorporating audio files, video demonstrations, slideshows, and multimedia quizzes into their online courses. Technical support is also an issue to consider if you want to take advantage of online learning opportunities. While paid courses usually have some sort of customer service helpline available in case you need assistance, most free classes have minimal or no technical support. Finding Free College Courses Online If you're interested in finding free college courses online, LoveToKnow College recommends visiting the following helpful links: Business: If you've been dying to start your own business, Learning Space provides free college-level courses covering topics such as entrepreneurial behavior. Chemistry: Carnegie Mellon University has free classes in chemistry, as well as courses in biology, physics, and engineering. Economics: Utah State University helps people interested in developing a better understanding of how the economy works by providing five free online classes. Health Sciences: Tufts University has free courses covering dentistry, nutrition, and other related health topics. The courses are available through Tufts OpenCourseWare, part of a new educational movement begun by MIT that provides free access to informational content. Literature: The University of Washington has online classes covering Gulliver's Travels, Hamlet, Shakespeare's comedies, and the works of J.R.R. Tolkien. Math: Whatcom Community College has multiple online courses available for those who need assistance developing their math skills. Topics covered include basic math, algebra, calculus, and geometry. Music: MiraCosta College offers a free music theory and appreciation class provided through The Sofia Open Content Initiative. Poetry: Yale helps take the mystery out of understanding poetry with this entertaining and informative e-course. Psychology: MIT has a free introductory level psychology class designed to answer the most common questions people have about human behavior.

Social Media and Protect Personal Information - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 638 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/10 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Social Media Essay Did you like this example? One possible ending to this scenario would be the leaking of the photographs to the media. My best friend shares this information with the Gossip Gazette leading to interest in the images. Consequently, I receive a call from the magazine seeking the rest of the photographs for a financial reward of $20,000. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social Media and Protect Personal Information" essay for you Create order This windfall would be most beneficial, primarily due to my desperate need for a car. This ending offers an opportunity to capitalize on the images that I collected the previous night financially. Despite the allure of quick money, the choice to go ahead with the request or not has far-reaching consequences not only for my professional wellbeing but also to the hospital and patient. Selling the images to the magazine anonymously would lead to an institution-wide panic over the management of patient information. Firstly, the hospital would realize the presence of an unidentified unethical professional. The leakage of the photos would suggest an absence of professional ethics in the institution and besmirch the reputation of the organization (Sulmasy et al., 2017). From an internal point of view, the anonymity of the professional responsible for the leaks would be in question. Consequently, employee logs would identify that I was the attending ER nurse and further investigation would realize two possible outcomes. Firstly, I am incompetent in that I allowed another staff member to collect the images. Alternatively, I would bear the blame for the leaked photographs albeit rightly so. Finally, it undermines the patients constitutional right to privacy. In light of the scenario ending, the right recommendation would involve deleting the images from the cell phone and refusing to share them with any news organization. This step should also include communicating with the best friend on the importance and implications of confidentiality or lack thereof in the profession. This communication should discourage the unauthorized third party from sharing this information and deleting the image as well. This recommendation adheres to the legal requirements of the healthcare industry, where it protects and preserves the confidentiality of personal identification information concerning the patient in question (Sulmasy et al., 2017). In the first place, the incident should not have occurred. According to HIPAA, healthcare professionals must protect patient information. Therefore, the best course of action would have involved focusing on the patient rather than taking images and communicating with a friend on the issue. Advantages and Disadvantages of Smartphones and Social Media in Healthcare Smart electronic devices and social networking have led to a revolution in how people communicate. Rather than using conventional forms of communication, smartphone applications such as Facebook, Whatsapp, Twitter, and Instagram offer professionals an opportunity to access and share information (Gagnon Sabus, 2015). For instance, physicians and nurses can have a texting group on Whatsapp or Facebook where they share information about the workplace and operations therein. Such methods of communicating and sharing files improve the way that peers interact in the workplace. Moreover, the messages transmitted on these platforms can be directed to the public. However, one key aspect of this advantage is that the methods of communication should remain free of unauthorized third parties, especially if the information is confidential. This advantage qualifies the use of these devices in healthcare. However, mismanagement of smartphones and social media can lead to challenges in the use of s ocial media. The main disadvantages of social media are the constant distractions from work and the potential for mismanagement of patient information as seen in the scenario. Distractions occur when healthcare personnel absconds or undermine their professional duties due to time spent on social media (Papadakos, 2013). This problem eliminates patient-centered care. On the other hand, an organizations failure to regulate the use of smartphones and social media presents a challenge in protecting and managing personal information (Gagnon Sabus, 2015). Employees may act mischievously or inadvertently by collecting and sharing information with unauthorized third parties.

Who Invented Self-Driving Cars

Oddly enough, the dream of a self-driving automobile goes as far back as the middle ages, centuries prior to the invention of the car. The evidence for this comes from a sketching by Leonardo De Vinci that was meant to be a rough blueprint for a self-propelled cart. Using wound up springs for propulsion, what he had in mind at the time was fairly simplistic relative to the highly advanced navigation systems being developed today. It was around the early part of the 20th  century that a real concerted effort to develop a driverless car that actually worked started to take shape, beginning with the Houdina Radio Control Company’s first public demonstration of a driverless car in 1925. The vehicle, a radio-controlled 1926 Chandler, was guided through traffic on a route along Broadway and Fifth Avenue with signals sent from another car following close behind. A year later, distributor Achen Motor also showcased a remote-controlled car called the â€Å"Phantom Auto† on the streets of Milwaukee. Though the Phantom Auto drew large crowds during its tour of various cities throughout the ’20s and ’30s, the pure spectacle of a vehicle seemingly traveling without a driver amounted to little more than a curious form of entertainment for onlookers. Furthermore, the setup didn’t make life any easier since it still required someone to control the vehicle from a distance. What was needed was a bold vision of how cars operating autonomously could better serve cities as part of a more efficient, modernized approach to transportation. Highway of the future It wasn’t until the World’s Fair in 1939 that a renowned industrialist named Norman Bel Geddes would put forth such a vision. His exhibit â€Å"Futurama† was remarkable not only for its innovative ideas but also for the realistic depiction of a city of the future. For example, it introduced expressways as a way to link cities and surrounding communities and proposed an automated highway system in which cars moved autonomously, allowing passengers to arrive at their destinations safely and in an expedient manner. As Bel Geddes explained in his book â€Å"Magic Motorways: â€Å"These cars of 1960 and the highways on which they drive will have in them devices which will correct the faults of human beings as drivers.† Sure enough, RCA, in collaboration with General Motors and the state of Nebraska, ran with the idea and began working on an automated highway technology modeled after Bel Geddes’ original concept. In 1958, the team unveiled a 400-foot stretch of automated highway outfitted with electronic circuits built into the pavement. The circuits were used to gauge changing road conditions as well as help steer the vehicles traveling along that part of the road. It was successfully tested and in 1960 a second prototype was demonstrated in Princeton, New Jersey. That year, RCA and its partners were encouraged enough by the technology’s progress that they announced plans to commercialize the technology sometime within the next 15 years. As part of their involvement in the project, General Motors even developed and promoted a line of experimental cars that were custom built for these smart roads of the future. The frequently advertised Firebird II and Firebird III both featured a futuristic design and a sophisticated guidance system programmed to work in tandem with the highway’s network of electronic circuits.  Ã‚  Ã‚   So you’re probably asking â€Å"whatever became of that?† Well, the short answer is a lack of funds, which happens to be the case often times. Turns out, the federal government didn’t buy into the hype or at least wasn’t convinced as to put up the $100,000 per mile investment that RCA and GM had requested to make the grander large-scale dream of automated driving a reality. Hence, the project essentially  stalled out at that point. Interestingly enough, around the same time, officials at the United Kingdom’s Transport and Road  Research Laboratory began trialing their own driverless car system. The RRL’s guidance technology was somewhat similar to the short-lived automated highway system in that it was both a car and road system. In this case, the researchers paired a Citroen DS retrofitted with electronic sensors with a magnetic rail track that ran beneath the road. Unfortunately, like its American counterpart, the project was eventually scrapped after the government opted to cease funding. This despite a series of successful tests and a prospective analysis showing that implanting the system would over time increase road capacity 50 percent, reduce accidents by 40 percent and would eventually pay for itself by the end of the century. A change in direction The ’60s also saw  other  notable attempts by researchers to jump-start development on an electronic highway system, though it was by now becoming increasingly obvious that any such undertaking would ultimately prove to be too costly. What this meant going forward was that to be feasible any work on autonomous cars would require at least a slight shifting of gears, with more of an emphasis on figuring out ways to making the car smarter rather than the road. Engineers at Stanford were among the first to build on this renewed approach. It all started in 1960 when a Stanford engineering graduate student named James Adams set upon constructing a remote-controlled lunar rover. He initially assembled a four-wheeled cart equipped with a video camera to improve navigation and over the years the idea evolves into a much more intelligent vehicle capable of self-navigating past a chair-filled room all on its own. In 1977, a team at Japan’s Tsukuba Mechanical Engineering Laboratory took the first major step of developing what many consider to be the first stand-alone autonomous vehicle. Rather than relying on external road technology, it was guided with the help of machine vision wherein a computer analyzes the surrounding environment using imagery from built-in cameras. The prototype was capable of speeds close to 20 miles per hour and was programmed to follow white street markers. Interest in artificial intelligence as it applied to transportation grew in the 80’s thanks in part to the pioneering work of a German aerospace engineer named Ernst Dickmanns. His initial effort, backed by Mercedes-Benz, resulted in a proof-of-concept capable of driving autonomously at high speeds. This was achieved by outfitting a Mercedes van with cameras and sensors that collected and fed data into a computer program tasked with adjusting the steering wheel, brake, and throttle. The VAMORS prototype was tested successfully in 1986 and a year later debuted publically on the autobahn. Big players and bigger investments This led to the European research organization EUREKA launching the Prometheus project, the most ambitious endeavor in the field of driverless vehicles. With an investment of 749,000,000 euros, Dickmanns and researchers at Bundeswehr Università ¤t Mà ¼nchen were able to make several key advances in camera technology, software and computer processing that culminated in two impressive robot vehicles, the VaMP and VITA-2. To showcase the cars’ quick reaction time and precise maneuvering, the researchers had them move through traffic along a 1,000 kilometer stretch of highway near Paris at speeds of up to 130 kilometers an hour.  Ã‚   Meanwhile, a number of research institutions in the United States embarked on their own exploration into autonomous car technologies. In 1986, investigators over at the Carnegie Mellon Robotics Institute experimented with a number of different cars, starting with a Chevrolet panel van code-named NavLab 1 that was converted using video equipment, a GPS receiver, and a supercomputer. The following year, engineers at Hughes Research Labs showcased an autonomous car capable of traveling off-road. In 1996, engineering professor Alberto Broggi and his team at the University of Parma initiated the ARGO project to pick up where the Prometheus project left off. This time, the aim was to show that a car can be turned into a fully-autonomous vehicle with minimal modifications and low-cost parts. The prototype they came up with, a Lancia Thema equipped with little more than two simple black-and-white video cameras and a navigational system based on stereoscopic vision algorithms, ended up running surprisingly well as it covered a route of more than 1,200 miles at an average speed of 56 miles per hour. At the start of the 21st century, the U.S. military, which began getting involved in the development of autonomous vehicle technology during the ’80s, announced the DARPA Grand Challenge, a long-distance competition in which $1 million would be awarded to the team of engineers whose vehicle conquers the 150-mile obstacle course. Although none of the vehicles finished the course, the event was considered a success as it helped to spur innovation in the field. The agency also held several more competitions in subsequent years as a way to encourage engineers to further the technology.   Google Enters the Race In 2010, internet giant Google announced that some of its employees had spent the previous year secretly developing and testing a system for a self-driving car in the hopes of finding a solution that would reduce the number of car accidents each year by half. The project was headed by Sebastian Thrun, director of Stanford’s Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and brought onboard engineers who worked on cars that competed in DARPA’s Challenge events. The goal was to launch a commercial vehicle by the year 2020.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The team started out with seven prototypes, six Toyota Priuses and an Audi TT, which were souped up with an array of sensors, cameras, lasers, a special radar and GPS technology that allowed them to do much more than just circumnavigate a pre-determined route. The system can detect objects such as people and numerous potential hazards up to hundreds of yards away.  By 2015, Google cars had logged more than 1 million miles without causing an accident, though they were involved in 13 collisions. The first accident for which the car was at fault occurred in 2016.  Ã‚   Over the course of the currently ongoing project, the company has made several other huge strides. They lobbied for and got legislation passed to make self-driving cars street legal in four states and the District of Columbia, unveiled a 100 percent autonomous model it plans to release in 2020 and is continually opening up testing sites throughout the country under a project named Waymo. But perhaps more importantly, all this progress has since spurred many of the biggest names in the automotive industry to pour resources into an idea whose time may very well have arrived.  Ã‚   Other companies that have started developing and testing autonomous car technology include Uber, Microsoft, Tesla as well as traditional car manufacturers Toyota, Volkswagon, BMW, Audi, General Motors and Honda. However, progress on advancing the technology took a major hit when an Uber test vehicle hit and killed a pedestrian in March of 2018. It was  the first fatal accident that didnt involve another vehicle. Uber has since suspended testing of self-driving cars.

A Beautiful Mind - 1467 Words

Nicole Calabro Professor Kulpanowski PSY 2013 October 21, 2013 A Beautiful Mind â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† is a sad yet unique, inspiring film. The film was directed by Ron Howard and provided people a whole new perspective on psychological disorders. When people generally hear the words â€Å"mental illness,† the thoughts of crazy, insane, different, abnormal and weird come into place. â€Å"A Beautiful Mind,† based on a true story and a novel by Sylvia Nasar, has proven the standard thoughts to be inaccurate. John Nash was a man of extraordinary character. He held a position of great intelligence and had proven it to be true when he was awarded with the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. Nash was also faced with great difficulty when he was†¦show more content†¦There are less problems concerning memory and emotions, but still obtains symptoms of anger, violence, anxiety, hallucinations, verbal confrontations, suicidal thoughts and/or behaviors, distant, scornful manners, and delusions (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2008). When it comes to sch izophrenia, the main concern people have is if it is hereditary or not. There has been no sole foundation for the disorder but there are contributing factors such as environmental factors which happen to be hardships faced during childhood, the loss of a parent or someone very close, bullying, violence, poverty, physical and/or emotional neglect, sexual abuse and the list could go on forever (Dryden-Edwards, 2010). These symptoms have been said to possibly help trigger paranoid schizophrenia (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2008). In â€Å"A Beautiful Mind†, there seems to be no origin explaining. John Nash explained that his first grade teacher had once told him that he was â€Å"born with two servings of brain but only half a serving of heart.† The film does not reveal much about childhood experiences, just the simple fact that Nash does not like people. It has been said that paranoid schizophrenia is caused by brain dysfunction (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2008). â€Å"A Beautiful Mindà ¢â‚¬  is a very unpredictable film. After seeing John Nash in the mental hospital undergoing all of the requiredShow MoreRelatedA Beautiful Mind (Summary)805 Words   |  4 PagesA Beautiful Mind by Sylvia Nasar 1.) A.) A Beautiful Mind is a biography based on the events that happened to a mathematical genius John Forbes Nash Jr. He was invited to go to Princeton University on only one term, and it was to create a truly original idea based on using mathematics. Once he is enrolled in Princeton he is looked at as a social outcast. Once after originating his idea of what other mathematicians thought was unsolvable, he shocked the mathematical world by becoming an overallRead MoreAnalysis Of A Beautiful Mind 1197 Words   |  5 PagesI chose the film â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† produced in 2001. The main character is John Forbes Nash, Jr. portrayed by Russell Crowe. The heart, not the mind is where the true meaning of life is found. A mathematical genius who is fixated on finding an original idea to ensure his legacy embarks on a mission with the belief that mathematics will lead him to a higher truth. â€Å"I cannot waste time with these classes and these books, memorizing the weak assumptions of lesser mortals. I need to look through toRead MoreA Beautiful Mind Characterization and Dialogue1176 Words   |  5 PagesWriting Portfolio The 2001 biopic/drama film ‘A Beautiful Mind’, directed by Ron Howard is a prime example of a text in which visual and verbal techniques are used to develop the personality of a character. 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The film starts off with John Nash (Crowe) at Princeton University, who was there for scholarship of mathematics alongside with other well respected classmates. John Nash (Crowe) was pressured to get publishRead More Schizophrenic Creativity in Nasars A Beautiful Mind and Ron Howards Movie2030 Words   |  9 PagesNasars A Beautiful Mind and Ron Howards Movie In Ron Howards (2001) A Beautiful Mind, Russell Crowe gives life to Sylvia Nasars depiction of the schizophrenic genius John Nash in her novel of the same title. Both Nasar and Howard try to depict Nashs creative genius in an effort to unlock understanding of the creative process. The underlying reality of Nashs psychological creative process may never fully be realized due to the extreme difficulty of coherently portraying the mind of a schizophrenic

The Four Of Us Are Talking About When We Talk About Love...

â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love† by Raymond Carver is a story about four friends having drinks and conversing about what love means to them. Terri tells a story of her former partner, Ed, who used to physically abuse her and claims that he did so out of love. Mel, who is a cardiologist, tells a story of this who couple who was in a terrible car accident, and while healing the old man was saddened because he could not turn over and look at his wife due to the casts restricting his movements. Mel also goes on to say that no one truly knows what love is. Carver uses alcohol, conversation, and the Sun to convey the idea that no one truly understands the elusiveness of love. Alcohol is one of the major themes in the story even†¦show more content†¦By the time the alcohol is gone, the Sun has set and so has their definitions of love. After all that talking, still no one knows what love is. Another critical theme in this story is conversation. The entire setting is based on the conversation that these four friends have. Terri starts this conversation when she states that â€Å"the man she was with before Mel loved her so much he tried to kill himself† (4). This is very important to the context of the story because it begins the narrative. She goes on to explain her experiences with Ed. Specifically, the time he beat and dragged her through their home. As delusional as it sounds, Terri believes her idea of love is clear and exact and doesn t budge when Mel suggests that she is wrong. â€Å"My God, don’t be silly. That’s not love and you know it† (6). Nick and Laura also believe they know the meaning of love. Laura states, Well, Nick and I know what love is (43). They demonstrate this not by words but through displays of affection such as holding hands and kissing. Terri disagrees with this. Love takes time to build and Nick and Laura are still in the honeymoon stages of love. Stop that now. You re making me sick. You re still on the honeymoon, for God s sake (46). It is at this point, and the drinking continues and the day passes by, that the conversation and ideas of love become less coherent and precise. MelShow MoreRelatedEssay on Raymond Carvers What We Talk About When We Talk About Love1355 Words   |  6 PagesLove is undoubtedly one of the most frequently explored subjects in the literary world. Whether the focus is a confession of love, criticism of love, tale of love, or simply a tale about what love is, such literary pieces force readers to question the true meaning and value of love. Raymond Carver accomplishes this in his short story â€Å"What We Talk About When We Talk About Love.† As the unadorned setting and the personality of each character unfold, the reader realizes that Carver is making a graveRead MoreLove, By Laura Kipnis1753 Words   |  8 Pagesafter†. Love is such a crazy thing, one day is alive and growing and the next is fading until it completely dies. Everyone will have their own view on love, but love is vague, for one knows about today but not about tomorrow. In her critique of love, â€Å"Against Love,† Laura Kipnis offers a judgmental version of what constitutes â€Å"real love†. She questions whether we truly desire love, or rather, are conditioned to. She asserts that social forms accustomed us to pursue a love life so that we are entertainedRead MoreLiterary Criticism of The Namesake8108 Words   |  33 Pagesthe book. Yet few of the reviewers of the novel mentioned Nikolai Gogol at all in their discussions of the novel, except to describe the protagonist Gogols loathing of his name, or to quote without comment or explanation Dostoevskis famous line, We all came out of Gogols Overcoat. So far, no one has looked beyond the surfaces to examine the significance of the allusions to Gogol that are so much a part of the fabric of Lahiri s novel. Without the references to Nikolai Gogol, it is easy to readRead MoreAN ANALYSIS PAPER ON ANTON CHEKHOV’S THE SEAGULL AND THE CHERRY ORCHARD12092 Words   |  49 PagesPassivity 3.3 Comparison to Henry James 3.3.1 Varying Cultural. Political, and Social Standpoints 3.3.2 Ideologem of Loss 3.3.3 Relation of Russian and American Literature 4. Questions for Analysis 4.1 How do the literary works teach about morality? 4.2 What is the prevailing idea shown in the story? How can the readers relate to it? 4.3 If you were to provide an alternative ending to your chosen story, how would you end it? Why? 4.4 How do these literary works adhere

Answers Risk Aversion and Security Free Essays

Your assistant, Thomas, is briefing you on the current portfolio and states â€Å"We have too much of our portfolio in Alpha. We should probably move some of those funds into Gamma so we can achieve better diversification. † Is he right? Hint: Feel free to use spreadsheet statistical functions. We will write a custom essay sample on Answers: Risk Aversion and Security or any similar topic only for you Order Now ] Here is the data on all three stocks. Assume, for convenience, that all three securities do not pay dividends. Alpha, Current Price 40; Current Weight 80%; Next Year’s Price: Expansion 48, Normal 44, Recession 36; Beta, Current Price 27. 0; Current Weight 20%; Next Year’s Price: Expansion 27. 50, Normal 26, Recession 25; Gamma, Current Price 15; Current Weight 0%; Next Year’s Price: Expansion 16. 50, Normal 19. 50, Recession 12. It depends. No. Yes. Answer : Yes Question 10 (15 points) Suppose there are two mortgage bankers. Banker 1 has two $1,000,000 mortgages to sell. The borrowers live on opposite sides of the country and face an independent probability of default of 5%, with the banker able to salvage 40% of the mortgage value in case of default. Banker 2 also has two $1,000,000 mortgages to sell, but Banker g’s borrowers live on the same street, have the same Job security and income. Put differently, the fates and thus solvency of Banker g’s borrowers move in lock step. They have a probability of defaulting of 5%, with the banker able to salvage 40% of the mortgage value in case of default. Both Bankers plan to sell their exceptive mortgages as a bundle in a mortgage-backed security (MBPS) (I. E. , as a portfolio). Which of the following is correct? Banker g’s MBPS has a higher expected return and more risk. Banker Xi’s MBPS has a higher expected return and less risk. Banker Xi’s MBPS has a higher expected return and more risk. Banker g’s MBPS has more risk, but the expected returns on both MBPS are the same. Banker Xi’s MBPS has more risk, but the expected returns on both MBPS are the same. Banker g’s MBPS has a higher expected return and less risk. The same. In accordance with the Coursers Honor Code, I (Oddity Vats) certify that the answers here are my own work. How to cite Answers: Risk Aversion and Security, Papers

Answers Risk Aversion and Security Free Essays

Your assistant, Thomas, is briefing you on the current portfolio and states â€Å"We have too much of our portfolio in Alpha. We should probably move some of those funds into Gamma so we can achieve better diversification. † Is he right? Hint: Feel free to use spreadsheet statistical functions. We will write a custom essay sample on Answers: Risk Aversion and Security or any similar topic only for you Order Now ] Here is the data on all three stocks. Assume, for convenience, that all three securities do not pay dividends. Alpha, Current Price 40; Current Weight 80%; Next Year’s Price: Expansion 48, Normal 44, Recession 36; Beta, Current Price 27. 0; Current Weight 20%; Next Year’s Price: Expansion 27. 50, Normal 26, Recession 25; Gamma, Current Price 15; Current Weight 0%; Next Year’s Price: Expansion 16. 50, Normal 19. 50, Recession 12. It depends. No. Yes. Answer : Yes Question 10 (15 points) Suppose there are two mortgage bankers. Banker 1 has two $1,000,000 mortgages to sell. The borrowers live on opposite sides of the country and face an independent probability of default of 5%, with the banker able to salvage 40% of the mortgage value in case of default. Banker 2 also has two $1,000,000 mortgages to sell, but Banker g’s borrowers live on the same street, have the same Job security and income. Put differently, the fates and thus solvency of Banker g’s borrowers move in lock step. They have a probability of defaulting of 5%, with the banker able to salvage 40% of the mortgage value in case of default. Both Bankers plan to sell their exceptive mortgages as a bundle in a mortgage-backed security (MBPS) (I. E. , as a portfolio). Which of the following is correct? Banker g’s MBPS has a higher expected return and more risk. Banker Xi’s MBPS has a higher expected return and less risk. Banker Xi’s MBPS has a higher expected return and more risk. Banker g’s MBPS has more risk, but the expected returns on both MBPS are the same. Banker Xi’s MBPS has more risk, but the expected returns on both MBPS are the same. Banker g’s MBPS has a higher expected return and less risk. The same. In accordance with the Coursers Honor Code, I (Oddity Vats) certify that the answers here are my own work. How to cite Answers: Risk Aversion and Security, Papers

Eminem1 Essay Example For Students

Eminem1 Essay White rap sensation Eminem had to overcome all kinds of adversity to make it to the top. Eminem is my favorite rapper, and I have wanted to meet him since he came out two years ago , undoubtedly he is known for his rap songs that offend many people. For example, the current disputes between Eminem and Everlast an old rock band. Everlast had made a song dissing Eminem along with his wife and daughter . Now , most people would get upset over it and maybe just let it go. Eminem on the other hand, made two songs completely dissing Everlast . In song two titled â€Å"quitter† he even makes references for his fans to physically hurt Everlast. That is just one of the Several incidents where Eminem proved he is not scared to speak his mind. Eminem also gets much attention because he is the only white rapper right now, and the first one since Vanilla Ice. The difference is that Eminem is popular in all sections of the industry. He has soared to the top of almost every billboard chart e xcept in categories such as country. Eminem has no problem going to court, or even prison to stand by his thoughts, and he makes sure his point of view is noticed. I like Eminem because he does not compromise his values, no matter how messed up they may be. Eminem Is the most interesting celebrity because he is one of the few who does not hold back. His personal life is smeared all over the news, and he does not seem to care, I would like to know how he deals with the media and stardom. There are thousands of questions I would have for Eminem, The first would be how he was able to walk into his high school in Detroit where he got beaten up daily for being a white boy. From what I know about him he probably did not worry about it. He just goes out and does what he feels he can accomplish, no matter how many obstacles are blocking his path. If he told people ten years ago that he would like to be a rapper everyone would laugh at him. He mad a debut album at age nineteen and it did badly. It took a long time for him to make albums such as the Marshall Mathers LP, which sold two and a half million copies in the first week of its release at age twen ty six Eminem is a rap god and nobody will ever take the place of this legend. Bibliography:

A Raisin In The Sun Essay Conclusion Example For Students

A Raisin In The Sun Essay Conclusion Beneatha was describing how her whole family has this bug she calls Ghetto-it is, which explains the actions of all the main characters in the first act. When Beneatha said this she was just welcoming Asagi into her home. He asked her what was wrong and she responded with the acute ghetto-it is term. Ruth, to me, is acting the most on this use of speech. I would believe she suffers the most from this. Earlier in the first scene she was yelling at Walter for giving Travis so much money to bring to school. Ruth is always preaching about how the rich white people have it and complaining about her life. And every time Travis asked when the paycheck was coming she would just respond with dont worry about it. Walter is Ruths husband and a father of one to Travis. Unlike Ruth Walter takes money not as seriously, while Ruth thinks they need to save every penny so they wont end up in the gutter. Walter handles the income of money in their family and you could say Beneatha handles the out flow. Next in the line of Ghetto-itis would be Mama. Mama lives with the family and does house chores to help out Ruth. Mama doesnt spend much and she doesnt eat much. Mama clearly marked her position in the household. When Beneatha was questioning the existence of God Mama got up and slapped her across the face. She is a serious character. The one person that makes the best of what they have would probably be Travis. Travis is the kind of person that makes the best of a bad situation. When Beneatha was spraying under the couch for roaches, Travis was telling her not to worry about it because they werent harming them. Even though he seems to always be happy he has no idea of what money really means. Beneatha was the one who said the family suffers from acute Ghetto-itis. She was meaning to say that the family acts like they live in the ghetto and are horribly poor, but when in real life they are actually making a lot of money. So Beneatha does the one thing she is good at which is spending money. She has paid for horseback riding lessons and is about to take guitar lessons. Everybody questions her spending in her family. Beneatha may think that she is better than her own family. I think Beneatha does think she is better than her own flesh and blood and that is why she is making statements like the ones she made in Act 1. BibliographyA Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry

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The True Story of Stand and Deliver essays

The True Story of Stand and Deliver essays The movie I watched in Mr. Franklins class was "Stand and Deliver". The story is about a high school mathematics teacher who takes a class of undisciplined, unmotivated and rebellious students and helps them through a year of school Garfield High in Los Angeles, California. He helps them graduate and succeed. The kids learn so much in that year that eighteen of them are able to pass a very hard college credit calculus exam. The exam is so hard that only 2% of American students pass it. The movie is based on a true story. As I was watching the movie, the teacher named Jaime Escalante gets challenged on the first day. Many students yell out to him in Spanish and in English to see if they can test him in any way. He doesnt confront them; but he reaches out to them. He befriends many students including a troubled teen named Angel. At one point, Angel asks Mr. Escalante if he needs more than one book and says that he wants to learn but his "homies" must not find out. In return Mr. Escalante is promised that he will get protection, but tells Angel instead to just come to class. The students are astonished to see, that a teacher can hang in there. So as days go on, he starts adopting ways to get the students to pay attention to him. The next day he is dressed as a chef with a meat cleaver. He slams the meat cleaver, slicing the apples in half and gets people to stop talking. He asks various students what they have. Eventually they are asked individually to answer. This is one of his tactics into having a group discussion. As he eases his way, he starts teaching by using examples out of the everyday lives of his student making them think things out for themselves. The students then learn to realize he is serious. Jaime Escalante tells his students if they want to learn they must all follow his rules. He starts by announcing that the punishments for not working hard in class are to be banished from the class....

What is the Threat to the US from North Korea Assignment

What is the Threat to the US from North Korea - Assignment Example Due to this conflict, it is feared that North Korea may be planning to attack the United States directly or indirectly through its everyday developing nuclear program. One of the main threats to the United States from North Korea is that North Korea might soon become capable enough of developing nuclear weapons that can be used against the United States and its allies. North Korea and South Korea have been in continuous conflict over the issue of Korean Peninsula and United States has tried to help South Korea as South Korea is an ally of United States (U.S. Department of State, 2014). The threat is that if North Korea develops nuclear weapons, it may directly attack the South in order to solve and gain victory on the dispute of Korean Peninsula. If North Korea attacks the South, there is the huge possibility of a World War consisting of the use of nuclear weapons taking place. A World War may erupt because the US being friends with the South may help the South, while on the other ha nd China being an ally of North Korea may try to defend them (Schneider, 2014). The United States already owes a huge debt to China and China has the ability to completely destroy the United States and due to this United States may not be able to assist the South in order to protect its own nation. The United States has been fighting the war for peace and the war against terrorism for several years. Due to these several nations such as Afghanistan and militants living in those nations are quite angry with the United States. One reason due to which the United States has an upper hand over the extremist terrorist group is that these terrorist groups do not control nuclear weapons. If North Korea is able to develop its own nuclear weapons, then there is a possibility that North Korea may supply these weapons to the terrorist organizations and the terrorist organizations will then have the ability to attack the United States with nuclear weapons (Snyder, 2013). North Korea is kind of an isolated region which blindly trusts its government and is ready to take any action that may be commanded by their government.  Ã‚  

Legal Process Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Legal Process Paper - Essay Example 06(b)[3] of the statute, the notice must include the date, place and the circumstances of the alleged unlawful employment practice so that the employer may be apprised of the nature of the charges against it. However, the name of the charging party need not be included. If the EEOC totally fails to notify an employer of the charges, the courts, as the District Court did in EEOC v. St. Annes Hospital of Chicago, Inc.,have ruled that the EEOC could not bring a suit on that charge. The Supreme Court in Shell Oil Co. v. EEOC held that notice was adequate, even while not technically perfect. The legislative history of Title VII is clear that untimely notice by the EEOC should not be an absolute bar to court action by the aggrieved party. Also under Section 706(b), the EEOC is required to investigate the charge of discrimination to determine if reasonable cause exists to believe that the charge is true. If no reasonable cause exists, the EEOC shall dismiss the charge and promptly notify the charging and charged party of the dismissal. If reasonable cause exists, the EEOC â€Å"shall endeavor to eliminate any such alleged unlawful employment practices by informal methods of conference, conciliation and persuasion.† If those efforts fail, the EEOC may bring a civil suit against the employer in federal court under Section 706(f). If the EEOC does not bring suit within 180 days of the filing of the charge either by choice or because it dismissed the charge, the charging party may request notification, commonly referred to as a â€Å"right to sue† letter. Upon receipt of that letter, the charging party has 90 days to sue. Thus, a charging party may not sue until she received a notice of dismissal by the EEOC or a right to sue letter. The charging party may demand a right to sue letter, even before the EEOC has made its reasonable cause determination, so long as the demand for the letter is 180 days after the EEOC charge is filed. However, the right to sue letter can be

Comparing Parliamentary Systems with Presidential

Comparing Parliamentary Systems with Presidential The Parliamentary system vs. Presidential system is a frequently debated topic, and often the debate is based on which system brings about the most success. Unarguably, the success rate of a system is an adequate way of measuring its right to be implemented. However, success is broken down into many components, and one of the most vital elements of success is stability. The question here is: what makes a stable system? Stability consists of political security, how well public demand is met, the difficulty level of being overthrown, the economic state of the country, and as a source simply put it a stable political system is one that survives through crises without internal destruction  [1]  . These are just a few of the criteria points from a vast array of fundamentals which construct the definition of stable. In the case of the UK and the US governmental systems, comparing both democracies, it becomes obvious that they share the same values and virtues to a certain extent. Perhaps one of the most stand-out similarities shared amongst the two systems is the responsibility they have for the people. Similarly the citizens ruled under these two different democracies are provided with the same, laws, rules and rights. However, there are several crucial differences between these two liberal democracies which make them so distinct. The election process of the two diverse governmental systems is one of the key differences which make them incomparable to each other. While within a presidential system the voters vote directly for the president, within the parliamentary system such as in Britain, the prime minister is elected indirectly; constituents essentially vote for a representative, a member of parliament to represent them in parliament; the leader of the majority party which wins becomes the prime minister. This is seen to be undemocratic in comparison to the election process of presidential systems which is seen to be more direct as it is directly voicing the voters opinions on who they want to lead the country. However, there are many advantages to a parliamentary system in comparison to the presidential system. For example, with the parliamentary system of government, it is fairly easy and more rapid to pass legislation through. However, there are other factors which can play a role in the power of these systems, for example if a party has a majority in parliament it will become easier to pass legislation through. In the case of the UK, this was the situation with Labour in 1997 under Tony Blair, Tony Blairs New Labour had gained a staggering 179-seat overall majority in the Commons as the Conservatives were tossed aside by the voters.  [2]  The Sweet and Maxwell research shows that In total Tony Blairs administration was the most prolific, introducing a total of 26,849 new laws over his entire premiership. This argues that, majority leadership within parliament is a factor which leads to legislation passed through much faster. So, A government with a secure majority can ensure its leg islation passesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [3]  this supports the claim that there are other factors which play a role into guaranteeing that legislation passes through, such as the majority in parliament or other elements which include an emergency or unseen events such as an economic crisis. An example of this is the Northern Ireland Act 1972, which took only seven hours and eleven minutes to reverse the effects of a court decision that undermined the powers of the armed forces in Northern Ireland.  [4]  Additionally, within a parliamentary system, the public is being represented while passing laws; as the House of Commons is a body which consists of representatives elected by constituents. If it is the case that, the House of Commons defy their constituents and try to pass a law through which is not in the interest of their constituents, they will get hassled by the media and pressure groups that have an immense influence on parliament. This is another factor and a very important on e as it verifies that the parliamentary system is stable as it is a struggle to pass legislation through if it is not in the interest of their constituents. RSPA is an example of a pressure group which influenced legislation; The Animal Welfare Act 2006 came about as a result of campaigning by animal welfare groups such as the RSPCA  [5]  . Conversely, within a presidential system which has been adopted by countries such as USA, the elaborate system of checks and balances within the presidential system makes it very challenging to pass legislation through as it often leads to gridlock. This is due to different parties controlling different branches within the presidential system, as it could be the case that legislation is controlled by one party and the presidency is controlled by the other. The paper, Divided government and the Legislative productivity of Congress states that, Divided government is thought to lead to gridlock, paralysis, and legislative slumps.  [6]  This supports the claim that the presidential system is unstable as it leads to negative outcomes such as gridlock and paralysis where nothing gets solved making it an unstable system due to the fact that it is a struggle to pass legislation even if it is in the benefit of the people. On the other hand, the checks and balances within a presidential system also have its gains as, Each branch of the government can check, or control, some parts of what the other branches do. This creates a balance of power in which no one person or group can become too powerful.  [7]  However in the case of a parliamentary system, the easiness of passing legislation through can also mean that a government is unstable as, legislation made in haste can result in problems. For example, terrorists were able to avoid having their photographs and DNA taken because of faulty (hasty) drafting of legislation  [8]   Nevertheless, even though a presidential system proves to be stable as it prevents a single branch becoming excessively powerful, this can also have negative impacts as it is considered as a flaw, separation of power helps restrain the centralization and abuse of power, but with the loss of efficiency and the fragmentation of responsibility.  [9]  Going back to the initial question, this expresses that the presidential system is unreliable and unstable as there would be confusion to who would be held liable if anything does occur. Furthermore, within a parliamentary system it is very easy to get rid of an unsuitable prime minister as this can be easily done through a vote of no confidence. This argues that a parliamentary democracy is fairer and stable for the reason that it is very easy to get rid of a prime minister who is corrupt and does not rule a country as he or she promised to do. This is the case with the Thai Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra as according to the Telegraph Newspaper, The no-confidence vote, due on Wednesday, has been called by the opposition Democrat Party. They accuse Ms Yingluck and her ruling Pheu Thai party of ongoing corruption and are questioning her links to her brother, exiled former Thai premier Thaksin Shinawatra.  [10]  So within the parliamentary system you can stop the ruling of an unsuitable prime minister, whereas with the presidential system it is very difficult to get rid of the president as he or she has a fixed term of office and the only way to get rid of him/ her is through impeachment however In almost all countries presidential impeachment is difficult  [11]  its a very tough process and it is much more difficult to get rid of an unsuitable president than it is to get rid of an unsuitable prime minister. Perhaps it is safe to say that semi-presidentialism is a more stable governmental system rather than the two discussed throughout this essay as it is a combination of both systems. Also, Semià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ presidentialism is an increasingly popular form of constitutional government.  [12]  If more and more countries are adjusting themselves to this particular system, it is fair to say that this might be a more stable system than the presidential or parliamentary systems. Though, in the book, Parliamentary versus Presidential Government the author quotes, Parliamentarism is the most widely adopted system of government  [13]  This supports the claim that, Parliamentarism must be very popular if it is the most widely adopted system of government, if it is that widespread it must have good features to it which make it so popular. So, when reaching a conclusion regarding which system is more stable, taking into account all the advantages and disadvantages, I believe it is justifiable to say that the parliamentary system can be considered as more stable than the presidential system. However, it all depends on what the country considers as a stable government. As some may argue that both of these systems have become unstable as sovereignty is lost. In the case with Britain and its parliamentary system, the European system overlaps the parliamentary system and can enforce its own laws onto Britain. However, in theory Britain could always withdraw from th e EU. Nonetheless, the UN and the power it has, undermines both systems. Therefore, it really depends on a country itself, and what it considers as a stable system.

Language Use in Kaskus Essay

A. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Computer-mediated communication refers to any form of communication enabled through the use of computers. In the computer-mediated communication literature, the term generally refers to communication modalities dependent on computer-based networks or meta-networks, particularly the Internet and commercial online services. Language plays an important role in the communication activities in the computer-mediated communication. The language itself is used by people as a communication tool. Specifically, as i mentioned above that computer mediated communication (CMC) is about anything(communication) that use computer as a media to transfer information, to talk with other persons, to discuss issues or something like that.While we know that on CMC, for right now internet with its world wide web (network) is the only tool and the only way to get connected with others, i don’t see any alternative beside internet. In internet there are many people with different language background, different social background and of course different culture and manners. What’s become my curiousity is how people with these so many differences talking and discussing to each others, how can they understand each others without being rude to others. But i’m not going to conduct a linguistic research of language use in the internet generally globally, because there has been a lot of research on this subject. But, what becomes my interest is how indonesian people with different social and culturul background talking and disccussing a topic in Kaskus, one of the biggest and largest online forum in Indonesia. Kaskus, with more than two millions users from all over indonesia is a populer online service to discuss and to sell products. Kaskus has an easy  peasy access, has a discussion thread about almost everything like computer, books, entertainment and many more. Kaskus user are from all over indonesia which have different culture and social background, in this case sometimes user doesn’t pay attention to the forum rules, nettiquette and sometimes being sarcastic, i’ve found this several time in kaskus. This case indicating that some of user do not know the nettiquete and language rules used in kaskus forum. So why i’m here try to observe and doing a research on how kaskuser (kaskus user) use the language, what style are used, and what kind of expressions in kaskus forum that is used to show respect, manners, and and self expressions like anger, happy etc. B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM From the title and the background of the study i formulate the research questions as follows : 1. What are the general forum rules applied in kaskus? 2. How far kaskuser pay attention to the forum rules in discussion thread? 3. What are the form of languages style used in kaskus? 4. What are the meaning of those language expressions/style? 5. Who use the language? The gender, the age. C. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This research is aimed to gather information about the language use in kaskus forum, especially how those language are used to express manner and ethical relations between the kaskuser. D. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The significance of this research is to bring a data to enrich the linguistic analysis in indonesia especially in computer-mediated communication subject. This research is also will be useful for those who use internet as a communcation tool generally and for kaskuser who love to join discussion in kaskus so they are will never again feel worried about being rude to others, bacause this research will bring them information how to use the language properly and how to communicate ethically to others E. SCOPE AND LIMITATION The research is limited only on the language use, the style and the way kaskuser interact with others, the researcher will not analysis where the language comes from and how the language changed. CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK A. INTERNET Internet, according to Merriam Webster Dictionaries is an electronic communication network that connects computer networks and organizational computer facilities around the world. B. KASKUS Kaskus is an Indonesian internet forum site which claims itself as the largest Indonesian online community. It ranks as the top 10 most popular website in Indonesia (weasel words), positioning at 241 worldwide according to Alexa.com. It was established on November 6, 1999, by three Indonesian students (Andrew Darwis, Ronald Stephanus, and Budi Dharmawan) in the United States. In August 2012, Kaskus has more than 4,000,000 registered accounts and more than 650,000,000 total posts. In August 2005 and September 2006, PC Magazine Indonesia voted Kaskus as The Best Indonesian communities twice (2005 & 2006). Registration is required for new users to participate in the community, and every registered member has access to more than twenty regional and subject-related sub-forums. The community runs on the vBulletin forum software. C. NETTIQUETE Cyberspace contains many different cultures, which some writers have called â€Å"virtual communities.† Each of these communities has its own rules and customs. But many rules apply throughout almost all of cyberspace and the rules of internet is called nettiquete. Nettiquete comes from word Internet and Etiqutte. Virginia Shea Stated that The word â€Å"etiquette† means â€Å"the forms required by good breeding or prescribed by authority to be required in social or official life.† Etymologically, it comes from the French word for â€Å"ticket.† If you know the etiquette for a particular group or society, you  have a ticket for entry into it. (Virginia Shea,1994) D. COMPUTER-MEDIATED COMMUNICATION 1. Computer mediated communication (CMC) involves exchanges of information in textual, audio, and/or video formats that are transmitted and controlled by the use of computer and telecommunication technology. It must be noted that CMC is the basis of interpersonal interaction via groupware systems. An interesting definition of CMC is given by December (1997): â€Å"Computer-Mediated Communication is a process of human communication via computers, involving people, situated in particular contexts, engaging in processes to shape media for a variety of purposes.† 2. Chrispin Thurlow, laura lengel and Alice Tomic (2004) define Computer Mediated Communication into 3 cores : a. Communication While trying to ground CMC into a proper understanding we have to know what exactly is communication. * Communication is dynamic, One of the most well known ways of thinking about communication is the idea of a sender, a message and a receiver, in computer terms, might be regarded as an ‘information-processing’ perspective. Instead, communication is better understood as a process which is much more dynamic. The meaning of messages does not reside in words, but is much more fluid and dependent on the context, shifting constantly from place to place, from person to person, and from moment to moment. * Communication is transactional, Even though people still sometimes like to think of communication as the exchange of messages between senders and receivers, communication is really about the negotiation of meaning between people. Individuals are both speakers and listeners and these roles switch back and forth all the time in any one conversation. Once again, this also means that communication is constantly changing as two (or more) people interpret each other and are influenced by what the other says. In other words, it’s a transaction between them. Most theorists would agree that communication simply cannot happen outside human social interaction. It is really only when someone recognizes and/or responds to something you say or do that communication can be said to have occurred. * Communication is multifunctional, Consciously or unconsciously, communication serves many different functions and usually  serves more than one function at any given time. For example, communication may be used to influence people’s behavior or attitudes, to inform people, to seek information, to exert control over people, to befriend or seduce people, to entertain and please people, and so on. Although for the sake of analytical convenience, scholars do sometimes distinguish between the interactional (or relationship-focused) and informational (or content-focused) domains of communication, it’s usually impossible to separate the two. Think about famous chat-up lines like ‘Can I buy you a drink?’ or ‘Do you have the time?’ Although both appear to seek information, the intention is clearly relational! * Communication is multimodal, However important it may be, language is of course just one of many ways we have of communicating. Verbal messages always come packaged with other messages (or ‘metamessages’) formed by different ways of making meaning – what are usually called nonverbal modes of communication. In fact, more often than not it is these other modes of communication which are relied on more than the verbal mode. The best example of this is when someone is lying to us: ‘Look me in the eye and tell me you didn’t do it!’ The range of nonverbal codes is vast and accounts for much of the social information we glean: vocal (e.g. tone of voice, accent, volume, pauses), movement (e.g. facial expression, gestures, posture), physical appearance (e.g. height, weight, skin colour), artefacts (e.g. lighting, dà ©cor, fashion), and use of space (e.g. body orientation, touch, distance). b. Mediated Depending on how much we already know about human communication, we will more than likely know that all communication is mediated to some extent or other. According to Chambers’ Twenty-first Century Dictionary, the verb to mediate means to convey or transmit something or to act as a medium for something. In turn, a medium is something by which, or through which, an effect is produced. In other words, mediation is simply the process or means by which something is transmitted – whether it’s a message, a feeling, a sound, or a ghostly apparition! In the case of communication, we’ve already indicated that communication is always channelled by, and dependent on, its context for meaning. Communication is therefore mediated through our interactions with people and by means of any number of different verbal and nonverbal  modes. Communication can never exist in a vacuum.We will probably have heard about the phrase ‘channels of communication’. These can be social (or cultural), psychological (or mental), linguistic (or symbolic) or material (or technical). It’s in this way that scholars usually identify several layers of contextual variables which influence – or mediate – communication. Broadly speaking these fall into three main categories : psychological, e.g. our perceptions, mental maps, and prototypes; social, e.g. our relationships, stereotypes, and individual experiences; cultural, e.g. the myths and ideologies of whole societies of people. c. Computer Having confronted the relative complexity of the terms ‘communication’ and ‘mediated’, it may disappointing to know that even the term computer cannot be taken for granted. Almost everything nowadays involves computers in some way or other, and, consequently, almost everything we do is in some way or other mediated by computers. Think, for example, of the digital technology which drives our telephone exchanges, brings television channels into our homes, tells us the time, and so on. What’s more, with such things as video conferencing, webcams and voice recognition, technological changes are taking us nearer and nearer to the kind of face-to-face (or just FtF) communication we’ve been used to all along. It’s in this way that the computerization, which drives so many areas of our lives, is becoming more and more invisible. Indeed, Pixy Ferris (1997) previously proposed that CMC should also be broad enough to include office automation, â₠¬ ¢ (Chrispin Thurlow, laura lengel and Alice Tomic :2004) CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A. RESEARCH APPROACH AND DESIGN The reseacher use qualitative discriptive aproach. Qualitative research refers to inductive, holistic, emic, subjective and process oriented methods used to understand, interpret, describe and develop theory on a phenomenon or a setting and is a systematic, subjective approach used to describe life experiences and give them meaning (Morse & Field 1996:199; Burns & Grove 1998:35). Brink and Wood (1998:335) cite Benoliel’s (1984) description of qualitative research â€Å"as modes of systematic inquiry concerned with understanding human beings and the nature of their transactions with themselves and with their surroundings†. Leininger (1985:5) defines qualitative research as the methods and techniques of observing, documenting, analysing, and interpreting attributes, patterns, characteristics and meanings of specific, contextual or gestalt features of a phenomenon. B. DATA COLLECTION 1. Data Source The data is mainly taken from discussion thread in kaskus, like discussion thread, results of observations etc. 2. Instrument of Collecting Data * Doing observations * Interview (By Chating and PM or Private Message) * Making a Poll or Voting * Taking screenshot/ image * Questionaire C. DATA ANALYSIS The data will be analyzed using Miles and Huberman Theories where there are 3 Steps in ana lyzing the data : 1. Data Reduction. The data that has been collected from observations, questionaire and interviews are selected and sorted. The data that can represents the theme of the research will be analyzed. 2. Data display The data will be displayed after getting a summarizing. In data display the data that have been reducted then will be compressed, organized without risking the loss of information. 3. Drawing and veryfying conclssion The reasons for reducing and displaying data are to assist in drawing conclussions. While drawing conclussions logically follows reduction and display of data, in fact it takes place more or less concurrently with them. Thus possible conclussions may be noted early in the analysis, but they may be vague and ill-formed at this stage. They are held tentative pending further work, and have been analysed. Conclussions will be in the form of  preposistions, and once they have been drawn, the data need to be verified. D. EXAMPLE OF DATA SAMPLE 1. Red Font Colour 2. The Using of Capital Letters 3. Kaskus emoticon 4. Kaskus Terms Like Agan, Bata, Cendol, Sundul REFERENCES * http://kaskus.co.id * Creswell, J. W. 2003. Research Design: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. SAGE. Thousand Oaks. USA. * Thurlow, Crispin. Lengel, Laura. Tomic, Alice. 2004 Computer Mediated Communicatio (Social interaction and The Internet). SAGE. Thousand Oaks. USA. * Shea, Virginia. 2004. Netiqutte. Albions Books, USA